Two Americans won the Nobel Prize in chemistry yesterday for discoveries about how crucial substances get in and out of cells -
he said.
MacKinnon said when he saw the ion channel structure for the first time, he felt he was looking at something beautiful in nature. It was really breathtaking.
The economics prize went to Robert F. Engle of New York University, and British citizen Clive W.J. Granger, who recently retired from the University of California, San Diego.
Engle and Granger, former colleagues at UCSD, devised new methods for measuring volatility, or the rate at which prices, interest and other economic variables increase or decrease, a spokesperson for the academy said.
Last week, J.M. Coetzee of South Africa won the Nobel literature prize. On Monday, American Paul C. Lauterbur and Briton Sir Peter Mansfield won the medicine prize for research that led to the body-scanning technique called magnetic resonance imaging. The physics prize on Tuesday went to Alexei A. Abrikosov, Anthony J. Leggett, and Vitaly L. Ginzburg for their work on strange behavior of matter at very low temperatures.
The Nobel Peace Prize will be announced Friday in Oslo, Norway. The prizes are presented to the winners on Dec. 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death in 1896. 17
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Malcolm Ritter
